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· 10 min read

This blog introduces how to enable Cilium Container Network Interface with KubeEdge.

Why Cilium for KubeEdge

Cilium is the one of the most advanced and efficient container network interface plugin for Kubernetes, that provides network connectivity and security for containerized applications in Kubernetes clusters. It leverages eBPF (extended Berkeley Packet Filter) technology to implement networking and security policies at the Linux kernel level, allowing for high-performance data plane operations and fine-grained security controls.

And KubeEdge extends the cluster orchestration capability down to edge environments to provide unified cluster management and sophisticated edge specific features.

Enabling Cilium with KubeEdge allows us to take advantage of both benefits even for edge computing environments. We can deploy the application containers where EdgeCore running and bind Cilium to connect with workloads in the cloud infrastructure. This is because Cilium can also enable WireGuard VPN with transparent encryption of traffic between Cilium-managed endpoints.

Further more, we can also rely on Cilium Tetragon Security Observability and Runtime Enforcement to confine security risk and vulnerability in edge environment.

· 3 min read

KubeEdge v1.17 is now available! This latest release introduces several new features and enhancements, including support for edge pods using InClusterConfig to access the Kubernetes API server, video streaming data reporting in Mappers, auto-restarting for EdgeCore modules, and more.

1.17 What's New

Release Highlights

Support Edge Pods Using InClusterConfig to Access Kube-APIServer

The InClusterConfig mechanism enables cloud pods to directly access the Kubernetes API server. With this release, KubeEdge now supports edge pods using the InClusterConfig mechanism to access the Kube-APIServer directly, even when the edge and cloud are in different network environments.

Refer to the link for more details. (#5524, #5541)

Mapper Supports Video Streaming Data Reporting

Previously, Mappers could only process structured device data. In v1.17, video stream data processing features have been added to the Mapper-Framework.

  • Edge Camera Device Management

    v1.17 provides a built-in Mapper based on the Onvif protocol, which can manage Onvif network camera devices into the KubeEdge cluster and obtain the camera's authentication file and RTSP video stream.

  • Video Stream Data Processing

    Video stream data processing capabilities have been introduced to the Mapper-Framework data plane. The video stream reported by edge camera devices can be saved as frame files or video files.

Refer to the link for more details. (#5448, #5514, mappers-go/#127)

Support Auto-Restarting for Edge Modules

EdgeCore modules could previously fail to start due to non-configurable and recoverable matters like process start order issues. In v1.17, the BeeHive framework has been improved to support automatically restarting modules. Users can now configure EdgeCore modules to automatically restart instead of restarting the entire component.

Refer to the link for more details. (#5509, #5513)

Introduce keadm ctl Command to Support Pods Query and Restart at Edge

The new keadm ctl command has been introduced in v1.17, allowing users to query and restart pods on edge nodes when they are offline:

  • Query: keadm ctl get pod [flags]
  • Restart: keadm ctl restart pod [flags]

Refer to the link for more details. (#5504)

Keadm Enhancements

Several enhancements were made to the keadm installation tool:

  • Refactored the keadm init command
  • Changed the command keadm generate to keadm manifest
  • Added image-repository flag to keadm join to support customization
  • Split the keadm reset command into keadm reset cloud and keadm reset edge.

Refer to the link for more details. (#5317)

Add MySQL to Mapper Framework

The Mapper Framework data plane now includes MySQL database support in its pushMethod. When using MySQL, basic configuration parameters for the MySQL client need to be added in the DeviceInstance.

Refer to the link for more details. (#5376)

Upgrade Kubernetes Dependency to v1.28.6

The vendored Kubernetes version has been upgraded to v1.28.6, users are now able to use the latest features on both the cloud and edge side.

Refer to the link for more details. (#5412)

Important Steps before Upgrading

  • To use the InClusterConfig feature for edge pods, you need to enable the metaServer and dynamicController switches, and set featureGates.requireAuthorization=true in the CloudCore and EdgeCore configuration files.

  • To use the Auto-Restarting for Edge Modules feature, you must enable the moduleRestart feature gate in EdgeCore.

Download the v1.17.0 release from the release page and upgrade today to take advantage of these new capabilities!

· 6 min read

On January 23, 2024, KubeEdge released v1.16. The new version introduces several enhanced features, significantly improving cluster upgrades, cluster usability, and edge device management.

v1.16 What's New

Release Highlights

Support Cloud and Edge Components Upgrade

The Cloud side and Edge side Upgrade capability is comprehensively enhanced in v1.16. Users can upgrade the cloud side components with Keadm tool, and upgrade edge nodes with the API through Kubernetes API-Server.

  • Cloud upgrade

    Keadm supports the Cloud Upgrade command, and users can easily upgrade cloud components.

    Example:

    keadm upgrade cloud --advertise-address={advertise-address} --kubeedge-version=v1.16.0
  • Edge upgrade

    In KubeEdge v1.16, the node upgrade API was implemented. Users can remotely upgrade edge nodes in batches. The cloud-edge task architecture handles upgrade task flow and supports unified timeout processing, concurrency control, and subtask management, among other capabilities.

    Upgrade API Example:

    apiVersion: operations.kubeedge.io/v1alpha1
    kind: NodeUpgradeJob
    metadata:
    name: upgrade-example
    labels:
    description: upgrade-label
    spec:
    version: "v1.16.0"
    checkItems:
    - "cpu"
    - "mem"
    - "disk"
    failureTolerate: "0.3"
    concurrency: 2
    timeoutSeconds: 180
    labelSelector:
    matchLabels:
    "node-role.kubernetes.io/edge": ""
    node-role.kubernetes.io/agent: ""
  • KubeEdge version compatibility testing

    KubeEdge v1.16 provides KubeEdge version compatibility testing, which avoids problems caused by incompatible cloud-edge versions during the upgrading process.

Refer to the link for more details. (#5330, #5229, #5289)

Alpha Implementation of Images PrePull on Edge Nodes

In scenarios with unstable network or limited edge bandwidth, deploying or updating edge applications often results in high failure rates or reduced efficiency, especially with large-scale edge nodes.

Images PrePull feature has been introduced in v1.16. Users can perform batch images prepull on large-scale edge nodes with ImagePrePullJob API when the network is stable, to improve the success rate and efficiency of batch edge applications deploying and updating.

ImagePrePull API Example:

apiVersion: operations.kubeedge.io/v1alpha1
kind: ImagePrePullJob
metadata:
name: imageprepull-example
labels:
description:ImagePrePullLabel
spec:
imagePrePullTemplate:
images:
- image1
- image2
nodes:
- edgenode1
- edgenode2
checkItems:
- "disk"
failureTolerate: "0.3"
concurrency: 2
timeoutSeconds: 180
retryTimes: 1

Refer to the link for more details. (#5310, #5331)

Support Installing Windows-based Edge Nodes with Keadm

KubeEdge has supported the edge node running on Windows Server 2019 in v1.15, extending KubeEdge to the Windows ecosystem and expanding its use cases and ecosystem.

In this release, Windows-based Edge Nodes can be installed and registered to cloud with the installation tool Keadm, providing convenience for the application of KubeEdge in Windows OS.

Refer to the link for more details. (#4968)

Add Compatibility Tests for Multiple Runtimes

The e2e test of KubeEdge v1.16 has integrated compatibility tests for multiple container runtimes. Currently, four container runtime compatibility tests have been added, including containerd, docker, cri-o, and isulad.

Refer to the link for more details.(#5321)

Support More Deployment Fields to the EdgeApplication Overrides

In previous versions, only replicas and image of the EdgeApplication could be overridden. In this release, we support overriding more Deployment fields: env, command, args and resources.

Refer to the link for more details.(#5038)

Support Mapper Upgrade

Build mapper upgrade framework. Users can upgrade the mapper by changing the referenced mapper-framework package version.

  • Mapper-framework code decouple

    The code in mapper-framework was decoupled into user-layer code and business-layer code, and create the kubeedge/mapper-framework repo to store the business layer code.

  • Mapper upgrade framework

    Update the way mapper-framework generates mapper projects. The current execution script will only generate user-level code through dependent references. When the mapper project needs to be upgraded, it can be directly made by changing the version of mapper-framework package.

Refer to the link for more details.(#5308, #5326)

Integrate Redis and TDengine Database in DMI Data Plane

Integrate redis and tdengine database in DMI data plane. The mapper project generated by mapper-framework has build-in ability to push data to redis and tdengine database. Users can push data directly through configuring device instance files.

Database Field Definition:

type DBMethodRedis struct {
// RedisClientConfig of redis database
// +optional
RedisClientConfig *RedisClientConfig `json:"redisClientConfig,omitempty"`
}
type RedisClientConfig struct {
// Addr of Redis database
// +optional
Addr string `json:"addr,omitempty"`
// Db of Redis database
// +optional
DB int `json:"db,omitempty"`
// Poolsize of Redis database
// +optional
Poolsize int `json:"poo lsize,omitempty"`
// MinIdleConns of Redis database
// +optional
MinIdleConns int `json:"minIdleConns,omitempty"`
}
type DBMethodTDEngine struct {
// tdengineClientConfig of tdengine database
// +optional
TDEngineClientConfig *TDEngineClientConfig `json:"TDEngineClientConfig,omitempty"`
}
type TDEngineClientConfig struct {
// addr of tdEngine database
// +optional
Addr string `json:"addr,omitempty"`
// dbname of tdEngine database
// +optional
DBName string `json:"dbName,omitempty"`
}

Refer to the link for more details.(#5064)

New USB Camera Mapper

Based on the mapper and dmi framework in KubeEdge v1.15.0, a mapper for USB cameras has been developed, which supports data push to Influxdb, mqtt, and http. It has been successfully applied in practice.

Refer to the link for more details.(#122)

Keadm’s Enhancement

  • When using Keadm join in kubeEdge v1.16, it supports the selection of communication protocols for edge nodes and cloud center nodes. The cloud edge communication protocol is configured through the parameter --hub-protocol, and currently supports two communication protocols: websocket and quic.

    note

    When the --hub-protocol parameter is configured as quic, it is necessary to set the port of the parameter --cloudcore-ipport to 10001 and modify configmap in cloudcore to open the quic protocol.

    Refer to the link for more details.(#5156)

  • In KubeEdge v1.16, it is already supported for Keadm to complete edgecore deployment through Keadm join without installing the CNI plugin, decoupling the deployment of edge nodes from the CNI plugin. At the same time, this feature has been synchronized to v1.12 and later versions.

    note

    If the application deployed on edge nodes needs to use container networks, it is still necessary to install the CNI plugin after deploying edgecore.

    Refer to the link for more details.(#5196)

Upgrade Kubernetes Dependency to v1.27.7

Upgrade the vendered kubernetes version to v1.27.7, users are now able to use the feature of new version on the cloud and on the edge side.

Refer to the link for more details. (#5121)

Important Steps before Upgrading

  • Now we use DaemonSet to manage the mqtt broker mosquitto. You need to consider whether to use the static pod managed mqtt broker in the edge node or use the DaemonSet managed mqtt broker in the cloud, they cannot coexist and there will be port conflicts. You can read the guide For edge node low version compatibility in #5233.

  • In this release, the flag with-mqtt will be set to deprecated and default to false, but will not be removed. After v1.18, the code related to static pod management will be removed in the edge, and the flag with-mqtt no longer supported.

· 4 min read

On Oct 13, 2023, KubeEdge released v1.15. The new version introduces several enhanced features, significantly improving support for Windows-based edge nodes, device management, and data plane capabilities.

v1.15 What's New

Release Highlights

Support Windows-based Edge Nodes

Edge computing involves various types of devices, including sensors, cameras, and industrial control devices, some of which may run on the Windows OS. In order to support these devices and use cases, supporting Windows Server nodes is necessary for KubeEdge.

In this release, KubeEdge supports the edge node running on Windows Server 2019, and supports Windows container running on edge node, thereby extending KubeEdge to the Windows ecosystem and expanding its use cases and ecosystem.

Refer to the link for more details. (#4914, #4967)

New v1beta1 version of Device API

The device API is updated from v1alpha2 to v1beta1, in v1beta1 API updates include:

  • The built-in protocols incude Modbus, Opc-UA and Bluetooth are removed in device instance, and the built-in mappers for these proytocols still exists and will be maintained and updated to latest verison.

  • Users must define the protocol config through CustomizedValue in ProtocolConfig.

  • DMI date plane related fields are added, users can config the collection and reporting frequency of device data, and the destination to whcih(such as database, httpserver) data is pushed.

  • Controls whether to report device data to cloud.

Refer to the link for more details. (#4983)

Support Alpha version of DMI DatePlane and Mapper-Framework

Alpha version of DMI date plane is supported, DMI date plane is mainly implemented in mapper, providing interface for pushing data, pulling data, and storing data in database.

To make writing mapper easier, a mapper development framework subproject Mapper-Framework is provided in this release. Mapper-Framework provides mapper runtime libs and tools for scaffolding and code generation to bootstrap a new mapper project. Users only need to run a command make generate to generate a mapper project, then add protocol related code to mapper.

Refer to the link for more details. (#5023)

Support Kubernetes native Static Pod on Edge Nodes

Kubernetes native Static Pod is supported on edge node in this release. Users can create pods on edge nodes by place pod manifests in /etc/kubeedge/manifests, same as that on the Kubernetes node.

Refer to the link for more details. (#4825)

Support more Kubernetes Native Plugin Running on Edge Node

Kubernetes non-resource kind request /version is supported from edge node, users now can do /version requests in edge node from metaserver. In addition, it can easily support other non-resource kind of requests like /healthz in edge node with the curent framework. Many kubernetes plugins like cilium/calico which depend on these non-resource kind of requests, now can run on edge nodes.

Refer to the link for more details. (#4904)

Upgrade Kubernetes Dependency to v1.26.7

Upgrade the vendered kubernetes version to v1.26.7, users are now able to use the feature of new version on the cloud and on the edge side.

Refer to the link for more details. (#4929)

Important Steps before Upgrading

  • In KubeEdge v1.15, new v1beta1 version of device API is incompatible with earlier versions of v1alpha1, users need to update the device API yamls to v1bata1 if you want to use v1.15.

  • In KubeEdge v1.15, users need to upgrade the containerd to v1.6.0 or later. Containerd minor version 1.5 and older will not be supported in KubeEdge v1.15.
    Ref: https://kubernetes.io/blog/2022/11/18/upcoming-changes-in-kubernetes-1-26/#cri-api-removal

  • In KubeEdge v1.14, EdgeCore has removed the dockeshim support, so users can only use remote type runtime, and uses containerd runtime by default. If you want to use docker runtime in v1.15, you also need to first set edged.containerRuntime=remote and corresponding docker configuration like RemoteRuntimeEndpoint and RemoteImageEndpoint in EdgeCore, then install the cri-dockerd tools as docs below: https://github.com/kubeedge/kubeedge/issues/4843

· 3 min read

On July 1, 2023, KubeEdge released v1.14. The new version introduces several enhanced features, significantly improving security, reliability, and user experience.

v1.14 What's New

Release Highlights

Support Authentication and Authorization for Kube-API Endpoint for Applications On Edge Nodes

The Kube-API endpoint for edge applications is implemented through MetaServer in edegcore. However, in previous versions, the authentication and authorization of Kube-API endpoint are performed in the cloud, which prevents authentication and authorization especially in offline scenarios on the edge node.

In this release, the authentication and authorization functionalities are implemented within the MetaServer at edge, which allows for limiting the access permissions of edge applications when accessing Kube-API endpoint at edge.

Refer to the link for more details. (#4802)

Support Cluster Scope Resource Reliable Delivery to Edge Node

The cluster scope resource can guarantee deliver to the edge side reliably since this release, especially include using list-watch global resources, the cluster scope resource can be delivered to the edge side reliably, and the edge applications can work normally.

Refer to the link for more details. (#4758)

Upgrade Kubernetes Dependency to v1.24.14

Upgrade the vendered kubernetes version to v1.24.14, users are now able to use the feature of new version on the cloud and on the edge side.

note

The dockershim has been removed, which means users can't use docker runtime directly in this release.

Refer to the link for more details. (#4789)

Support Kubectl Attach to Container Running on Edge Node

KubeEdge already support kubectl logs/exe command, kubectl attach is supported in this release. kubectl attach command can attach to a running container at edge node. Users can execute these commands in the cloud and no need to operate on the edge nodes.

Refer to the link for more details. (#4734)

Alpha version of KubeEdge Dashboard

KubeEdge dashboard provides a graphical user interface (GUI) for managing and monitoring your KubeEdge clusters. It allows users to manage edge applications running in the cluster and troubleshoot them.

Refer to the link for more details. (https://github.com/kubeedge/dashboard)

Important Steps before Upgrading

  • On KubeEdge v1.14, EdgeCore has removed the dockeshim support, so users can only use remote type runtime, and uses containerd runtime by default. If you want to use docker runtime, you must first set edged.containerRuntime=remote and corresponding docker configuration like RemoteRuntimeEndpoint and RemoteImageEndpoint in EdgeCore, then install the cri-dockerd tools as docs below: https://github.com/kubeedge/kubeedge/issues/4843